--- /tmp/python-marshmallow-3.10.0-1gbqpyfoh/debian/python3-marshmallow-doc_3.10.0-1_all.deb
+++ python3-marshmallow-doc_3.10.0-1_all.deb
├── file list
│ @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
│  -rw-r--r--   0        0        0        4 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 debian-binary
│ --rw-r--r--   0        0        0     2664 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 control.tar.xz
│ --rw-r--r--   0        0        0   181336 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 data.tar.xz
│ +-rw-r--r--   0        0        0     2660 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 control.tar.xz
│ +-rw-r--r--   0        0        0   180880 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 data.tar.xz
├── control.tar.xz
│ ├── control.tar
│ │ ├── ./control
│ │ │ @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
│ │ │  Package: python3-marshmallow-doc
│ │ │  Source: python-marshmallow
│ │ │  Version: 3.10.0-1
│ │ │  Architecture: all
│ │ │  Maintainer: Federico Ceratto <federico@debian.org>
│ │ │ -Installed-Size: 1267
│ │ │ +Installed-Size: 1260
│ │ │  Depends: libjs-sphinxdoc (>= 2.4.3-5~), libjs-jquery, libjs-underscore
│ │ │  Section: doc
│ │ │  Priority: optional
│ │ │  Homepage: https://github.com/marshmallow-code/marshmallow
│ │ │  Description: Library for converting complex datatypes - documentation
│ │ │   An ORM/ODM/framework-agnostic library for converting complex datatypes,
│ │ │   such as objects, to and from native Python datatypes.
│ │ ├── ./md5sums
│ │ │ ├── ./md5sums
│ │ │ │┄ Files differ
├── data.tar.xz
│ ├── data.tar
│ │ ├── file list
│ │ │ @@ -49,41 +49,41 @@
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)      286 2020-08-13 15:46:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/_static/file.png
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)    13908 2021-01-01 21:22:00.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/_static/marshmallow-logo.png
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)       90 2020-08-13 15:46:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/_static/minus.png
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)       90 2020-08-13 15:46:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/_static/plus.png
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     5183 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/_static/pygments.css
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     5188 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/api_reference.html
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)    20781 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/authors.html
│ │ │ --rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)    33710 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/changelog.html.gz
│ │ │ +-rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)    33554 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/changelog.html.gz
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)    19323 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/code_of_conduct.html
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)    14217 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/contributing.html
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)    24710 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/custom_fields.html
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     3812 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/ecosystem.html
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)    90482 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/examples.html
│ │ │ --rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)    63405 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/extending.html
│ │ │ +-rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)    63272 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/extending.html
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)    11160 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/genindex.html
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)    17973 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/index.html
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     5371 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/install.html
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     3708 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/kudos.html
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     9218 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/license.html
│ │ │ --rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     7543 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/marshmallow.class_registry.html
│ │ │ +-rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     7011 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/marshmallow.class_registry.html
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     3591 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/marshmallow.decorators.html
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     5205 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/marshmallow.error_store.html
│ │ │ --rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     9962 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/marshmallow.exceptions.html
│ │ │ +-rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     9036 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/marshmallow.exceptions.html
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     3608 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/marshmallow.fields.html
│ │ │ --rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     4610 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/marshmallow.schema.html
│ │ │ --rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)    25736 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/marshmallow.utils.html
│ │ │ +-rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     4476 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/marshmallow.schema.html
│ │ │ +-rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)    22589 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/marshmallow.utils.html
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     3648 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/marshmallow.validate.html
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)    36611 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/nesting.html
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     1472 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/objects.inv
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     4590 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/py-modindex.html
│ │ │ --rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)    66210 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/quickstart.html
│ │ │ +-rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)    65644 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/quickstart.html
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     3407 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/search.html
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)    38929 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/searchindex.js
│ │ │ --rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)   213247 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/upgrading.html
│ │ │ +-rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)   210952 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/upgrading.html
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     3897 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/whos_using.html
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)    16578 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/why.html
│ │ │  drwxr-xr-x   0 root         (0) root         (0)        0 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow-doc/
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)      509 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow-doc/changelog.Debian.gz
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)    20343 2021-01-01 21:22:00.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow-doc/changelog.gz
│ │ │  -rw-r--r--   0 root         (0) root         (0)     1500 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow-doc/copyright
│ │ │  drwxr-xr-x   0 root         (0) root         (0)        0 2021-01-01 21:30:39.000000 ./usr/share/doc-base/
│ │ ├── ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/changelog.html.gz
│ │ │ ├── changelog.html
│ │ │ │ @@ -358,15 +358,15 @@
│ │ │ │  </ul>
│ │ │ │  <p>Bug fixes:</p>
│ │ │ │  <ul class="simple">
│ │ │ │  <li><p>Fix behavior of <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">List(Nested(&quot;self&quot;))</span></code> (<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/marshmallow-code/marshmallow/issues/779#issuecomment-396354987">#779 (comment)</a>).</p></li>
│ │ │ │  </ul>
│ │ │ │  <p>Support:</p>
│ │ │ │  <ul class="simple">
│ │ │ │ -<li><p>Document usage of  <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">validate.Regexp</span></code>’s usage <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/re.html#re.search" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">re.search</span></code></a> (<a href="#id189"><span class="problematic" id="id190">:issue:`1285`</span></a>). Thanks <a href="#id191"><span class="problematic" id="id192">:user:`macdonaldezra`</span></a>.</p></li>
│ │ │ │ +<li><p>Document usage of  <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">validate.Regexp</span></code>’s usage <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">re.search</span></code> (<a href="#id189"><span class="problematic" id="id190">:issue:`1285`</span></a>). Thanks <a href="#id191"><span class="problematic" id="id192">:user:`macdonaldezra`</span></a>.</p></li>
│ │ │ │  </ul>
│ │ │ │  </div>
│ │ │ │  <div class="section" id="rc8-2019-07-04">
│ │ │ │  <h3>3.0.0rc8 (2019-07-04)<a class="headerlink" href="#rc8-2019-07-04" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │ │  <p>Features:</p>
│ │ │ │  <ul class="simple">
│ │ │ │  <li><p>Propagate <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">only</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">exclude</span></code> parameters to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Nested</span></code> fields
│ │ │ │ @@ -1215,15 +1215,15 @@
│ │ │ │  <li><p>Minor optimizations (<a href="#id769"><span class="problematic" id="id770">:issue:`577`</span></a>). Thanks <a href="#id771"><span class="problematic" id="id772">:user:`rowillia`</span></a> for the PR.</p></li>
│ │ │ │  </ul>
│ │ │ │  </div>
│ │ │ │  <div class="section" id="id773">
│ │ │ │  <h3>2.12.2 (2017-01-30)<a class="headerlink" href="#id773" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │ │  <p>Bug fixes:</p>
│ │ │ │  <ul class="simple">
│ │ │ │ -<li><p>Unbound fields return <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/constants.html#None" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code></a> rather returning the field itself. This fixes a corner case introduced in <a href="#id774"><span class="problematic" id="id775">:issue:`572`</span></a>. Thanks <a href="#id776"><span class="problematic" id="id777">:user:`touilleMan`</span></a> for reporting and <a href="#id778"><span class="problematic" id="id779">:user:`YuriHeupa`</span></a> for the fix.</p></li>
│ │ │ │ +<li><p>Unbound fields return <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> rather returning the field itself. This fixes a corner case introduced in <a href="#id774"><span class="problematic" id="id775">:issue:`572`</span></a>. Thanks <a href="#id776"><span class="problematic" id="id777">:user:`touilleMan`</span></a> for reporting and <a href="#id778"><span class="problematic" id="id779">:user:`YuriHeupa`</span></a> for the fix.</p></li>
│ │ │ │  </ul>
│ │ │ │  </div>
│ │ │ │  <div class="section" id="id780">
│ │ │ │  <h3>2.12.1 (2017-01-23)<a class="headerlink" href="#id780" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │ │  <p>Bug fixes:</p>
│ │ │ │  <ul class="simple">
│ │ │ │  <li><p>Fix behavior when a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Nested</span></code> field is composed within a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">List</span></code> field (<a href="#id781"><span class="problematic" id="id782">:issue:`572`</span></a>). Thanks <a href="#id783"><span class="problematic" id="id784">:user:`avish`</span></a> for reporting and <a href="#id785"><span class="problematic" id="id786">:user:`YuriHeupa`</span></a> for the PR.</p></li>
│ │ │ │ @@ -1312,15 +1312,15 @@
│ │ │ │  <li><p>Fix serialization of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime.time</span></code> objects with microseconds (<a href="#id867"><span class="problematic" id="id868">:issue:`464`</span></a>). Thanks <a href="#id869"><span class="problematic" id="id870">:user:`Tim-Erwin`</span></a> for reporting and thanks <a href="#id871"><span class="problematic" id="id872">:user:`vuonghv`</span></a> for the fix.</p></li>
│ │ │ │  <li><p>Make <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&#64;validates</span></code> consistent with field validator behavior: if validation fails, the field will not be included in the deserialized output (<a href="#id873"><span class="problematic" id="id874">:issue:`391`</span></a>). Thanks <a href="#id875"><span class="problematic" id="id876">:user:`martinstein`</span></a> for reporting and thanks <a href="#id877"><span class="problematic" id="id878">:user:`vuonghv`</span></a> for the fix.</p></li>
│ │ │ │  </ul>
│ │ │ │  </div>
│ │ │ │  <div class="section" id="id879">
│ │ │ │  <h3>2.9.0 (2016-07-06)<a class="headerlink" href="#id879" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │ │  <ul class="simple">
│ │ │ │ -<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Decimal</span></code> field coerces input values to a string before deserializing to a <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/decimal.html#decimal.Decimal" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">decimal.Decimal</span></code></a> object in order to avoid transformation of float values under 12 significant digits (<a href="#id880"><span class="problematic" id="id881">:issue:`434`</span></a>, <a href="#id882"><span class="problematic" id="id883">:issue:`435`</span></a>). Thanks <a href="#id884"><span class="problematic" id="id885">:user:`davidthornton`</span></a> for the PR.</p></li>
│ │ │ │ +<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Decimal</span></code> field coerces input values to a string before deserializing to a <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">decimal.Decimal</span></code> object in order to avoid transformation of float values under 12 significant digits (<a href="#id880"><span class="problematic" id="id881">:issue:`434`</span></a>, <a href="#id882"><span class="problematic" id="id883">:issue:`435`</span></a>). Thanks <a href="#id884"><span class="problematic" id="id885">:user:`davidthornton`</span></a> for the PR.</p></li>
│ │ │ │  </ul>
│ │ │ │  </div>
│ │ │ │  <div class="section" id="id886">
│ │ │ │  <h3>2.8.0 (2016-06-23)<a class="headerlink" href="#id886" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │ │  <p>Features:</p>
│ │ │ │  <ul class="simple">
│ │ │ │  <li><p>Allow <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">only</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">exclude</span></code> parameters to take nested fields, using dot-delimited syntax (e.g. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">only=['blog.author.email']</span></code>) (<a href="#id887"><span class="problematic" id="id888">:issue:`402`</span></a>). Thanks <a href="#id889"><span class="problematic" id="id890">:user:`Tim-Erwin`</span></a> and <a href="#id891"><span class="problematic" id="id892">:user:`deckar01`</span></a> for the discussion and implementation.</p></li>
│ │ │ │ @@ -1454,15 +1454,15 @@
│ │ │ │  <li><p>Add “Customizing Error Messages” section to custom fields docs.</p></li>
│ │ │ │  </ul>
│ │ │ │  </div>
│ │ │ │  <div class="section" id="id1014">
│ │ │ │  <h3>2.1.3 (2015-10-18)<a class="headerlink" href="#id1014" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │ │  <p>Bug fixes:</p>
│ │ │ │  <ul class="simple">
│ │ │ │ -<li><p>Fix serialization of collections for which <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/functions.html#iter" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">iter</span></code></a> will modify position, e.g. Pymongo cursors (<a href="#id1015"><span class="problematic" id="id1016">:issue:`303`</span></a>). Thanks <a href="#id1017"><span class="problematic" id="id1018">:user:`Mise`</span></a> for the catch and patch.</p></li>
│ │ │ │ +<li><p>Fix serialization of collections for which <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">iter</span></code> will modify position, e.g. Pymongo cursors (<a href="#id1015"><span class="problematic" id="id1016">:issue:`303`</span></a>). Thanks <a href="#id1017"><span class="problematic" id="id1018">:user:`Mise`</span></a> for the catch and patch.</p></li>
│ │ │ │  </ul>
│ │ │ │  </div>
│ │ │ │  <div class="section" id="id1019">
│ │ │ │  <h3>2.1.2 (2015-10-14)<a class="headerlink" href="#id1019" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │ │  <p>Bug fixes:</p>
│ │ │ │  <ul class="simple">
│ │ │ │  <li><p>Fix passing data to schema validator when using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&#64;validates_schema(many=True)</span></code> (<a href="#id1020"><span class="problematic" id="id1021">:issue:`297`</span></a>). Thanks <a href="#id1022"><span class="problematic" id="id1023">:user:`d-sutherland`</span></a> for reporting.</p></li>
│ │ │ │ @@ -1674,15 +1674,15 @@
│ │ │ │  </ul>
│ │ │ │  <p>Deprecation/Removals:</p>
│ │ │ │  <ul class="simple">
│ │ │ │  <li><p>Remove <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">allow_null</span></code> parameter of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fields.Nested</span></code> (<a href="#id1183"><span class="problematic" id="id1184">:issue:`203`</span></a>).</p></li>
│ │ │ │  </ul>
│ │ │ │  <p>Changes from 2.0.0a1:</p>
│ │ │ │  <ul class="simple">
│ │ │ │ -<li><p>Fix serialization of <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/constants.html#None" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code></a> for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fields.Email</span></code>.</p></li>
│ │ │ │ +<li><p>Fix serialization of <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fields.Email</span></code>.</p></li>
│ │ │ │  </ul>
│ │ │ │  </div>
│ │ │ │  <div class="section" id="a1-2015-04-25">
│ │ │ │  <h3>2.0.0a1 (2015-04-25)<a class="headerlink" href="#a1-2015-04-25" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │ │  <p>Features:</p>
│ │ │ │  <ul class="simple">
│ │ │ │  <li><p><em>Backwards-incompatible</em>: When <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">many=True</span></code>, the errors dictionary returned by <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dump</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">load</span></code> will be keyed on the indices of invalid items in the (de)serialized collection (<a href="#id1185"><span class="problematic" id="id1186">:issue:`75`</span></a>). Add <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">index_errors=False</span></code> on a Schema’s <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">class</span> <span class="pre">Meta</span></code> options to disable this behavior.</p></li>
│ │ │ │ @@ -1770,15 +1770,15 @@
│ │ │ │  </ul>
│ │ │ │  </div>
│ │ │ │  <div class="section" id="id1306">
│ │ │ │  <h3>1.2.1 (2015-01-11)<a class="headerlink" href="#id1306" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │ │  <p>Bug fixes:</p>
│ │ │ │  <ul class="simple">
│ │ │ │  <li><p>A <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Schema's</span></code> <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">error_handler</span></code>–if defined–will execute if <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Schema.validate</span></code> returns validation errors (<a href="#id1307"><span class="problematic" id="id1308">:issue:`121`</span></a>).</p></li>
│ │ │ │ -<li><p>Deserializing <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/constants.html#None" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code></a> returns <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/constants.html#None" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code></a> rather than raising an <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AttributeError</span></code> (<a href="#id1309"><span class="problematic" id="id1310">:issue:`123`</span></a>). Thanks <a href="#id1311"><span class="problematic" id="id1312">:user:`RealSalmon`</span></a> for the catch and patch.</p></li>
│ │ │ │ +<li><p>Deserializing <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> returns <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> rather than raising an <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AttributeError</span></code> (<a href="#id1309"><span class="problematic" id="id1310">:issue:`123`</span></a>). Thanks <a href="#id1311"><span class="problematic" id="id1312">:user:`RealSalmon`</span></a> for the catch and patch.</p></li>
│ │ │ │  </ul>
│ │ │ │  </div>
│ │ │ │  <div class="section" id="id1313">
│ │ │ │  <h3>1.2.0 (2014-12-22)<a class="headerlink" href="#id1313" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │ │  <p>Features:</p>
│ │ │ │  <ul class="simple">
│ │ │ │  <li><p>Add <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">QuerySelect</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">QuerySelectList</span></code> fields (<a href="#id1314"><span class="problematic" id="id1315">:issue:`84`</span></a>).</p></li>
│ │ ├── ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/extending.html
│ │ │ @@ -248,15 +248,15 @@
│ │ │  <span class="k">except</span> <span class="n">ValidationError</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">err</span><span class="p">:</span>
│ │ │      <span class="n">err</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">messages</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&quot;_schema&quot;</span><span class="p">]</span>
│ │ │  <span class="c1"># =&gt; [&quot;field_a must be greater than field_b&quot;]</span>
│ │ │  </pre></div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  <div class="section" id="storing-errors-on-specific-fields">
│ │ │  <h3>Storing Errors on Specific Fields<a class="headerlink" href="#storing-errors-on-specific-fields" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │ -<p>It is possible to report errors on fields and subfields using a <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dict</span></code></a>.</p>
│ │ │ +<p>It is possible to report errors on fields and subfields using a <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dict</span></code>.</p>
│ │ │  <p>When multiple schema-leval validator return errors, the error structures are merged together in the <a class="reference internal" href="marshmallow.exceptions.html#marshmallow.exceptions.ValidationError" title="marshmallow.exceptions.ValidationError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValidationError</span></code></a> raised at the end of the validation.</p>
│ │ │  <div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">marshmallow</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fields</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">validates_schema</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ValidationError</span>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">NumberSchema</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">):</span>
│ │ │      <span class="n">field_a</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fields</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="p">()</span>
│ │ │      <span class="n">field_b</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fields</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="p">()</span>
│ │ ├── ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/marshmallow.class_registry.html
│ │ │ @@ -38,27 +38,27 @@
│ │ │  <div class="admonition warning">
│ │ │  <p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
│ │ │  <p>This module is treated as private API.
│ │ │  Users should not need to use this module directly.</p>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  <dl class="py function">
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.class_registry.get_class">
│ │ │ -<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.class_registry.</code><code class="sig-name descname">get_class</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">classname</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n"><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/stdtypes.html#str" title="(in Python v3.7)">str</a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">all</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n"><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/functions.html#bool" title="(in Python v3.7)">bool</a></span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="default_value">False</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; Union<span class="p">[</span>List<span class="p">[</span>SchemaType<span class="p">]</span><span class="p">, </span>SchemaType<span class="p">]</span><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/class_registry.html#get_class"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.class_registry.get_class" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │ +<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.class_registry.</code><code class="sig-name descname">get_class</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">classname</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">str</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">all</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">bool</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="default_value">False</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; Union<span class="p">[</span>List<span class="p">[</span>SchemaType<span class="p">]</span><span class="p">, </span>SchemaType<span class="p">]</span><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/class_registry.html#get_class"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.class_registry.get_class" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │  <dd><p>Retrieve a class from the registry.</p>
│ │ │  <dl class="field-list simple">
│ │ │  <dt class="field-odd">Raises</dt>
│ │ │  <dd class="field-odd"><p>marshmallow.exceptions.RegistryError if the class cannot be found
│ │ │  or if there are multiple entries for the given class name.</p>
│ │ │  </dd>
│ │ │  </dl>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <dl class="py function">
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.class_registry.register">
│ │ │ -<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.class_registry.</code><code class="sig-name descname">register</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">classname</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n"><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/stdtypes.html#str" title="(in Python v3.7)">str</a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">cls</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">SchemaType</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/constants.html#None" title="(in Python v3.7)">None</a><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/class_registry.html#register"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.class_registry.register" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │ +<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.class_registry.</code><code class="sig-name descname">register</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">classname</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">str</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">cls</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">SchemaType</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; None<a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/class_registry.html#register"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.class_registry.register" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │  <dd><p>Add a class to the registry of serializer classes. When a class is
│ │ │  registered, an entry for both its classname and its full, module-qualified
│ │ │  path are added to the registry.</p>
│ │ │  <p>Example:</p>
│ │ │  <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyClass</span><span class="p">:</span>
│ │ │      <span class="k">pass</span>
│ │ ├── ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/marshmallow.exceptions.html
│ │ │ @@ -56,24 +56,24 @@
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.exceptions.StringNotCollectionError">
│ │ │  <em class="property">exception </em><code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.exceptions.</code><code class="sig-name descname">StringNotCollectionError</code><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/exceptions.html#StringNotCollectionError"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.exceptions.StringNotCollectionError" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │  <dd><p>Raised when a string is passed when a list of strings is expected.</p>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <dl class="py exception">
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.exceptions.ValidationError">
│ │ │ -<em class="property">exception </em><code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.exceptions.</code><code class="sig-name descname">ValidationError</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">message</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Union<span class="p">[</span><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/stdtypes.html#str" title="(in Python v3.7)">str</a><span class="p">, </span>List<span class="p">, </span>Dict<span class="p">]</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">field_name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n"><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/stdtypes.html#str" title="(in Python v3.7)">str</a></span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="default_value">'_schema'</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Optional<span class="p">[</span>Union<span class="p">[</span>Mapping<span class="p">[</span><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/stdtypes.html#str" title="(in Python v3.7)">str</a><span class="p">, </span>Any<span class="p">]</span><span class="p">, </span>Iterable<span class="p">[</span>Mapping<span class="p">[</span><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/stdtypes.html#str" title="(in Python v3.7)">str</a><span class="p">, </span>Any<span class="p">]</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="p">]</span></span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="default_value">None</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">valid_data</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Optional<span class="p">[</span>Union<span class="p">[</span>List<span class="p">[</span>Dict<span class="p">[</span><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/stdtypes.html#str" title="(in Python v3.7)">str</a><span class="p">, </span>Any<span class="p">]</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="p">, </span>Dict<span class="p">[</span><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/stdtypes.html#str" title="(in Python v3.7)">str</a><span class="p">, </span>Any<span class="p">]</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="p">]</span></span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="default_value">None</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/exceptions.html#ValidationError"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.exceptions.ValidationError" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │ +<em class="property">exception </em><code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.exceptions.</code><code class="sig-name descname">ValidationError</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">message</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Union<span class="p">[</span>str<span class="p">, </span>List<span class="p">, </span>Dict<span class="p">]</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">field_name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">str</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="default_value">'_schema'</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Optional<span class="p">[</span>Union<span class="p">[</span>Mapping<span class="p">[</span>str<span class="p">, </span>Any<span class="p">]</span><span class="p">, </span>Iterable<span class="p">[</span>Mapping<span class="p">[</span>str<span class="p">, </span>Any<span class="p">]</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="p">]</span></span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="default_value">None</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">valid_data</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Optional<span class="p">[</span>Union<span class="p">[</span>List<span class="p">[</span>Dict<span class="p">[</span>str<span class="p">, </span>Any<span class="p">]</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="p">, </span>Dict<span class="p">[</span>str<span class="p">, </span>Any<span class="p">]</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="p">]</span></span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="default_value">None</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/exceptions.html#ValidationError"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.exceptions.ValidationError" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │  <dd><p>Raised when validation fails on a field or schema.</p>
│ │ │  <p>Validators and custom fields should raise this exception.</p>
│ │ │  <dl class="field-list simple">
│ │ │  <dt class="field-odd">Parameters</dt>
│ │ │  <dd class="field-odd"><ul class="simple">
│ │ │  <li><p><strong>message</strong> – An error message, list of error messages, or dict of
│ │ │  error messages. If a dict, the keys are subitems and the values are error messages.</p></li>
│ │ │  <li><p><strong>field_name</strong> – Field name to store the error on.
│ │ │ -If <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/constants.html#None" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code></a>, the error is stored as schema-level error.</p></li>
│ │ │ +If <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>, the error is stored as schema-level error.</p></li>
│ │ │  <li><p><strong>data</strong> – Raw input data.</p></li>
│ │ │  <li><p><strong>valid_data</strong> – Valid (de)serialized data.</p></li>
│ │ │  </ul>
│ │ │  </dd>
│ │ │  </dl>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ ├── ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/marshmallow.schema.html
│ │ │ @@ -30,15 +30,15 @@
│ │ │          <div class="bodywrapper">
│ │ │            <div class="body" role="main">
│ │ │              
│ │ │    <div class="section" id="schema">
│ │ │  <h1>Schema<a class="headerlink" href="#schema" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
│ │ │  <dl class="py class">
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.schema.SchemaOpts">
│ │ │ -<em class="property">class </em><code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.schema.</code><code class="sig-name descname">SchemaOpts</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">meta</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">ordered</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n"><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/functions.html#bool" title="(in Python v3.7)">bool</a></span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="default_value">False</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/schema.html#SchemaOpts"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.schema.SchemaOpts" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │ +<em class="property">class </em><code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.schema.</code><code class="sig-name descname">SchemaOpts</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">meta</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">ordered</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">bool</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="default_value">False</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/schema.html#SchemaOpts"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.schema.SchemaOpts" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │  <dd><p>class Meta options for the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Schema</span></code>. Defines defaults.</p>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  
│ │ │            </div>
│ │ ├── ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/marshmallow.utils.html
│ │ │ @@ -32,15 +32,15 @@
│ │ │              
│ │ │    <div class="section" id="module-marshmallow.utils">
│ │ │  <span id="utility-functions"></span><h1>Utility Functions<a class="headerlink" href="#module-marshmallow.utils" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
│ │ │  <p>Utility methods for marshmallow.</p>
│ │ │  <dl class="py function">
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.utils.callable_or_raise">
│ │ │  <code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">callable_or_raise</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">obj</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#callable_or_raise"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.callable_or_raise" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │ -<dd><p>Check that an object is callable, else raise a <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/exceptions.html#ValueError" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValueError</span></code></a>.</p>
│ │ │ +<dd><p>Check that an object is callable, else raise a <code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValueError</span></code>.</p>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <dl class="py function">
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.utils.from_iso_date">
│ │ │  <code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">from_iso_date</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">value</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#from_iso_date"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.from_iso_date" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │  <dd><p>Parse a string and return a datetime.date.</p>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ │ @@ -58,30 +58,30 @@
│ │ │  <code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">from_iso_time</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">value</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#from_iso_time"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.from_iso_time" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │  <dd><p>Parse a string and return a datetime.time.</p>
│ │ │  <p>This function doesn’t support time zone offsets.</p>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <dl class="py function">
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.utils.from_rfc">
│ │ │ -<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">from_rfc</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">datestring</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n"><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/stdtypes.html#str" title="(in Python v3.7)">str</a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/datetime.html#datetime.datetime" title="(in Python v3.7)">datetime.datetime</a><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#from_rfc"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.from_rfc" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │ +<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">from_rfc</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">datestring</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">str</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; datetime.datetime<a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#from_rfc"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.from_rfc" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │  <dd><p>Parse a RFC822-formatted datetime string and return a datetime object.</p>
│ │ │  <p><a class="reference external" href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/885015/how-to-parse-a-rfc-2822-date-time-into-a-python-datetime">https://stackoverflow.com/questions/885015/how-to-parse-a-rfc-2822-date-time-into-a-python-datetime</a>  # noqa: B950</p>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <dl class="py function">
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.utils.get_fixed_timezone">
│ │ │ -<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">get_fixed_timezone</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">offset</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Union<span class="p">[</span><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/functions.html#int" title="(in Python v3.7)">int</a><span class="p">, </span><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/functions.html#float" title="(in Python v3.7)">float</a><span class="p">, </span><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/datetime.html#datetime.timedelta" title="(in Python v3.7)">datetime.timedelta</a><span class="p">]</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/datetime.html#datetime.timezone" title="(in Python v3.7)">datetime.timezone</a><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#get_fixed_timezone"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.get_fixed_timezone" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │ +<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">get_fixed_timezone</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">offset</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Union<span class="p">[</span>int<span class="p">, </span>float<span class="p">, </span>datetime.timedelta<span class="p">]</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; datetime.timezone<a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#get_fixed_timezone"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.get_fixed_timezone" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │  <dd><p>Return a tzinfo instance with a fixed offset from UTC.</p>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <dl class="py function">
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.utils.get_func_args">
│ │ │ -<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">get_func_args</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Callable</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; List<span class="p">[</span><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/stdtypes.html#str" title="(in Python v3.7)">str</a><span class="p">]</span><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#get_func_args"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.get_func_args" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │ +<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">get_func_args</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Callable</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; List<span class="p">[</span>str<span class="p">]</span><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#get_func_args"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.get_func_args" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │  <dd><p>Given a callable, return a list of argument names. Handles
│ │ │ -<a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/functools.html#functools.partial" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">functools.partial</span></code></a> objects and class-based callables.</p>
│ │ │ +<code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">functools.partial</span></code> objects and class-based callables.</p>
│ │ │  <div class="versionchanged">
│ │ │  <p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.0.0a1: </span>Do not return bound arguments, eg. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">self</span></code>.</p>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <dl class="py function">
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.utils.get_value">
│ │ │ @@ -96,68 +96,68 @@
│ │ │  <a class="reference internal" href="#marshmallow.utils.get_value" title="marshmallow.utils.get_value"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_value</span></code></a> will never check the value <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">x.i</span></code>. Consider overriding
│ │ │  <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">marshmallow.fields.Field.get_value</span></code> in this case.</p>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <dl class="py function">
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.utils.is_collection">
│ │ │ -<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">is_collection</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">obj</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/functions.html#bool" title="(in Python v3.7)">bool</a><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#is_collection"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.is_collection" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │ +<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">is_collection</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">obj</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; bool<a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#is_collection"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.is_collection" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │  <dd><p>Return True if <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">obj</span></code> is a collection type, e.g list, tuple, queryset.</p>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <dl class="py function">
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.utils.is_generator">
│ │ │ -<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">is_generator</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">obj</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/functions.html#bool" title="(in Python v3.7)">bool</a><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#is_generator"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.is_generator" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │ +<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">is_generator</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">obj</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; bool<a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#is_generator"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.is_generator" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │  <dd><p>Return True if <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">obj</span></code> is a generator</p>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <dl class="py function">
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.utils.is_instance_or_subclass">
│ │ │ -<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">is_instance_or_subclass</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">val</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">class_</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/functions.html#bool" title="(in Python v3.7)">bool</a><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#is_instance_or_subclass"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.is_instance_or_subclass" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │ +<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">is_instance_or_subclass</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">val</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">class_</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; bool<a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#is_instance_or_subclass"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.is_instance_or_subclass" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │  <dd><p>Return True if <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">val</span></code> is either a subclass or instance of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">class_</span></code>.</p>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <dl class="py function">
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.utils.is_iterable_but_not_string">
│ │ │ -<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">is_iterable_but_not_string</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">obj</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/functions.html#bool" title="(in Python v3.7)">bool</a><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#is_iterable_but_not_string"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.is_iterable_but_not_string" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │ +<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">is_iterable_but_not_string</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">obj</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; bool<a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#is_iterable_but_not_string"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.is_iterable_but_not_string" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │  <dd><p>Return True if <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">obj</span></code> is an iterable object that isn’t a string.</p>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <dl class="py function">
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.utils.is_keyed_tuple">
│ │ │ -<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">is_keyed_tuple</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">obj</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/functions.html#bool" title="(in Python v3.7)">bool</a><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#is_keyed_tuple"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.is_keyed_tuple" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │ +<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">is_keyed_tuple</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">obj</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; bool<a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#is_keyed_tuple"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.is_keyed_tuple" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │  <dd><p>Return True if <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">obj</span></code> has keyed tuple behavior, such as
│ │ │  namedtuples or SQLAlchemy’s KeyedTuples.</p>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <dl class="py function">
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.utils.isoformat">
│ │ │ -<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">isoformat</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">datetime</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n"><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/datetime.html#datetime.datetime" title="(in Python v3.7)">datetime.datetime</a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/stdtypes.html#str" title="(in Python v3.7)">str</a><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#isoformat"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.isoformat" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │ +<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">isoformat</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">datetime</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">datetime.datetime</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; str<a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#isoformat"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.isoformat" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │  <dd><p>Return the ISO8601-formatted representation of a datetime object.</p>
│ │ │  <dl class="field-list simple">
│ │ │  <dt class="field-odd">Parameters</dt>
│ │ │  <dd class="field-odd"><p><strong>datetime</strong> (<em>datetime</em>) – The datetime.</p>
│ │ │  </dd>
│ │ │  </dl>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <dl class="py function">
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.utils.pluck">
│ │ │ -<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">pluck</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">dictlist</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">List<span class="p">[</span>Dict<span class="p">[</span><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/stdtypes.html#str" title="(in Python v3.7)">str</a><span class="p">, </span>Any<span class="p">]</span><span class="p">]</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n"><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/stdtypes.html#str" title="(in Python v3.7)">str</a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#pluck"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.pluck" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │ +<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">pluck</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">dictlist</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">List<span class="p">[</span>Dict<span class="p">[</span>str<span class="p">, </span>Any<span class="p">]</span><span class="p">]</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">str</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#pluck"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.pluck" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │  <dd><p>Extracts a list of dictionary values from a list of dictionaries.</p>
│ │ │  <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">dlist</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[{</span><span class="s1">&#39;id&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;name&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="p">},</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s1">&#39;id&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;name&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">&#39;bar&#39;</span><span class="p">}]</span>
│ │ │  <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">pluck</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dlist</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;id&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
│ │ │  <span class="go">[1, 2]</span>
│ │ │  </pre></div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <dl class="py function">
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.utils.pprint">
│ │ │ -<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">pprint</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">obj</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/constants.html#None" title="(in Python v3.7)">None</a><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#pprint"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.pprint" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │ +<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">pprint</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">obj</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; None<a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#pprint"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.pprint" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │  <dd><p>Pretty-printing function that can pretty-print OrderedDicts
│ │ │  like regular dictionaries. Useful for printing the output of
│ │ │  <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">marshmallow.Schema.dump()</span></code>.</p>
│ │ │  <div class="deprecated">
│ │ │  <p><span class="versionmodified deprecated">Deprecated since version 3.7.0: </span>marshmallow.pprint will be removed in marshmallow 4.</p>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ │ @@ -171,26 +171,26 @@
│ │ │  <dd class="field-odd"><p><strong>cls_or_instance</strong> (<em>type|Schema</em>) – Marshmallow Schema class or instance.</p>
│ │ │  </dd>
│ │ │  </dl>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <dl class="py function">
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.utils.rfcformat">
│ │ │ -<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">rfcformat</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">datetime</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n"><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/datetime.html#datetime.datetime" title="(in Python v3.7)">datetime.datetime</a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/stdtypes.html#str" title="(in Python v3.7)">str</a><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#rfcformat"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.rfcformat" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │ +<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">rfcformat</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">datetime</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">datetime.datetime</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> &#x2192; str<a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#rfcformat"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.rfcformat" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │  <dd><p>Return the RFC822-formatted representation of a datetime object.</p>
│ │ │  <dl class="field-list simple">
│ │ │  <dt class="field-odd">Parameters</dt>
│ │ │  <dd class="field-odd"><p><strong>datetime</strong> (<em>datetime</em>) – The datetime.</p>
│ │ │  </dd>
│ │ │  </dl>
│ │ │  </dd></dl>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <dl class="py function">
│ │ │  <dt id="marshmallow.utils.set_value">
│ │ │ -<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">set_value</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">dct</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Dict<span class="p">[</span><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/stdtypes.html#str" title="(in Python v3.7)">str</a><span class="p">, </span>Any<span class="p">]</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n"><a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/stdtypes.html#str" title="(in Python v3.7)">str</a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">value</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Any</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#set_value"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.set_value" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │ +<code class="sig-prename descclassname">marshmallow.utils.</code><code class="sig-name descname">set_value</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">dct</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Dict<span class="p">[</span>str<span class="p">, </span>Any<span class="p">]</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">str</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">value</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Any</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/marshmallow/utils.html#set_value"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#marshmallow.utils.set_value" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
│ │ │  <dd><p>Set a value in a dict. If <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">key</span></code> contains a ‘.’, it is assumed
│ │ │  be a path (i.e. dot-delimited string) to the value’s location.</p>
│ │ │  <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">d</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
│ │ │  <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">set_value</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;foo.bar&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">42</span><span class="p">)</span>
│ │ │  <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">d</span>
│ │ │  <span class="go">{&#39;foo&#39;: {&#39;bar&#39;: 42}}</span>
│ │ │  </pre></div>
│ │ ├── ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/quickstart.html
│ │ │ @@ -124,15 +124,15 @@
│ │ │  <span class="n">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">schema</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">user_data</span><span class="p">)</span>
│ │ │  <span class="n">pprint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">)</span>
│ │ │  <span class="c1"># {&#39;name&#39;: &#39;Ken&#39;,</span>
│ │ │  <span class="c1">#  &#39;email&#39;: &#39;ken@yahoo.com&#39;,</span>
│ │ │  <span class="c1">#  &#39;created_at&#39;: datetime.datetime(2014, 8, 11, 5, 26, 3, 869245)},</span>
│ │ │  </pre></div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │ -<p>Notice that the datetime string was converted to a <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/datetime.html#module-datetime" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime</span></code></a> object.</p>
│ │ │ +<p>Notice that the datetime string was converted to a <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime</span></code> object.</p>
│ │ │  <div class="section" id="deserializing-to-objects">
│ │ │  <h3>Deserializing to Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#deserializing-to-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │  <p>In order to deserialize to an object, define a method of your <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Schema</span></code> and decorate it with <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">post_load</span></code>. The method receives a dictionary of deserialized data.</p>
│ │ │  <div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">marshmallow</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fields</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">post_load</span>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">UserSchema</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">):</span>
│ │ │ @@ -290,15 +290,15 @@
│ │ │  </pre></div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  <div class="section" id="required-fields">
│ │ │  <h2>Required Fields<a class="headerlink" href="#required-fields" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
│ │ │  <p>Make a field required by passing <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">required=True</span></code>. An error will be raised if the the value is missing from the input to <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Schema.load()</span></code>.</p>
│ │ │ -<p>To customize the error message for required fields, pass a <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dict</span></code></a> with a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">required</span></code> key as the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">error_messages</span></code> argument for the field.</p>
│ │ │ +<p>To customize the error message for required fields, pass a <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dict</span></code> with a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">required</span></code> key as the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">error_messages</span></code> argument for the field.</p>
│ │ │  <div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">pprint</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">pprint</span>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">marshmallow</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fields</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ValidationError</span>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">UserSchema</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">):</span>
│ │ │      <span class="n">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fields</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">required</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
│ │ │ @@ -464,15 +464,15 @@
│ │ │          <span class="n">additional</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&quot;email&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&quot;created_at&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
│ │ │  </pre></div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  <div class="section" id="ordering-output">
│ │ │  <h2>Ordering Output<a class="headerlink" href="#ordering-output" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
│ │ │ -<p>To maintain field ordering, set the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ordered</span></code> option to <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/constants.html#True" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code></a>. This will instruct marshmallow to serialize data to a <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/collections.html#collections.OrderedDict" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">collections.OrderedDict</span></code></a>.</p>
│ │ │ +<p>To maintain field ordering, set the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ordered</span></code> option to <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code>. This will instruct marshmallow to serialize data to a <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">collections.OrderedDict</span></code>.</p>
│ │ │  <div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">collections</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">OrderedDict</span>
│ │ │  <span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">pprint</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">pprint</span>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">marshmallow</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fields</span>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">UserSchema</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">):</span>
│ │ ├── ./usr/share/doc/python3-marshmallow/html/upgrading.html
│ │ │ @@ -122,15 +122,15 @@
│ │ │  <p><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Schema.validate()</span></code> always returns a dictionary of validation errors (same as 2.x with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">strict=False</span></code>).</p>
│ │ │  <div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">schema</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">validate</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="s2">&quot;email&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">&quot;invalid&quot;</span><span class="p">})</span>
│ │ │  <span class="c1"># {&#39;email&#39;: [&#39;Not a valid email address.&#39;]}</span>
│ │ │  </pre></div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  <p>Setting the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">strict</span></code> option on <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">class</span> <span class="pre">Meta</span></code> has no effect on <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Schema</span></code> behavior.
│ │ │  Passing <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">strict=True</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">strict=False</span></code> to the <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Schema</span></code> constructor
│ │ │ -will raise a <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/exceptions.html#TypeError" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TypeError</span></code></a>.</p>
│ │ │ +will raise a <code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TypeError</span></code>.</p>
│ │ │  <div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># 3.x</span>
│ │ │  <span class="n">UserSchema</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">strict</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
│ │ │  <span class="c1"># TypeError: __init__() got an unexpected keyword argument &#39;strict&#39;</span>
│ │ │  </pre></div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  <div class="admonition seealso">
│ │ │  <p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
│ │ │ @@ -272,15 +272,15 @@
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  <div class="section" id="validationerror-expects-a-single-field-name">
│ │ │  <h3><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValidationError</span></code> expects a single field name<a class="headerlink" href="#validationerror-expects-a-single-field-name" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │  <p><a class="reference internal" href="marshmallow.exceptions.html#marshmallow.exceptions.ValidationError" title="marshmallow.exceptions.ValidationError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValidationError</span></code></a> no
│ │ │  longer accepts a list of field names. It expects a single field name. If none
│ │ │  is passed, the error refers to the schema.</p>
│ │ │ -<p>To return an error for several fields at once, a <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dict</span></code></a> must be used.</p>
│ │ │ +<p>To return an error for several fields at once, a <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dict</span></code> must be used.</p>
│ │ │  <div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">marshmallow</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fields</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">validates_schema</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ValidationError</span>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">NumberSchema</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">):</span>
│ │ │      <span class="n">field_a</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fields</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="p">()</span>
│ │ │      <span class="n">field_b</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fields</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="p">()</span>
│ │ │  
│ │ │ @@ -306,15 +306,15 @@
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  <div class="section" id="validationerror-error-messages-are-deep-merged">
│ │ │  <h3><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValidationError</span></code> error messages are deep-merged<a class="headerlink" href="#validationerror-error-messages-are-deep-merged" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │  <p>When multiple <a class="reference internal" href="marshmallow.exceptions.html#marshmallow.exceptions.ValidationError" title="marshmallow.exceptions.ValidationError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValidationError</span></code></a>
│ │ │  are raised, the error structures are merged in the final <code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValidationError</span></code>
│ │ │  raised at the end of the process.</p>
│ │ │ -<p>When reporting error messages as <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dict</span></code></a>, the keys should refer to subitems
│ │ │ +<p>When reporting error messages as <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dict</span></code>, the keys should refer to subitems
│ │ │  of the item the message refers to, and the values should be error messages.</p>
│ │ │  <p>See the “Schema-level Validation” section of <a class="reference internal" href="extending.html"><span class="doc">Extending Schemas</span></a>
│ │ │  page for an example.</p>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  <div class="section" id="schemas-raise-validationerror-when-deserializing-data-with-unknown-keys">
│ │ │  <h3>Schemas raise <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValidationError</span></code> when deserializing data with unknown keys<a class="headerlink" href="#schemas-raise-validationerror-when-deserializing-data-with-unknown-keys" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │  <p>Marshmallow 3.x schemas can deal with unknown keys in three different ways,
│ │ │ @@ -346,15 +346,15 @@
│ │ │  <span class="c1">#  Value passed on load overrides instance attribute</span>
│ │ │  <span class="n">schema</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="s2">&quot;foo&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">42</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&quot;bar&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">&quot;whatever&quot;</span><span class="p">},</span> <span class="n">unknown</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">RAISE</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># =&gt; ValidationError</span>
│ │ │  </pre></div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  <div class="section" id="overriding-get-attribute">
│ │ │  <h3>Overriding <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_attribute</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#overriding-get-attribute" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │ -<p>If your <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Schema</span></code> overrides <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_attribute</span></code>, you will need to update the method’s signature. The positions of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">attr</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">obj</span></code> arguments were switched for consistency with Python builtins, e.g. <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/functions.html#getattr" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getattr</span></code></a>.</p>
│ │ │ +<p>If your <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Schema</span></code> overrides <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_attribute</span></code>, you will need to update the method’s signature. The positions of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">attr</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">obj</span></code> arguments were switched for consistency with Python builtins, e.g. <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getattr</span></code>.</p>
│ │ │  <div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">marshmallow</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Schema</span>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <span class="c1"># 2.x</span>
│ │ │  <span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MySchema</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">):</span>
│ │ │      <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">get_attribute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">attr</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">default</span><span class="p">):</span>
│ │ │          <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">getattr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">attr</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">default</span><span class="p">)</span>
│ │ │  
│ │ │ @@ -419,15 +419,15 @@
│ │ │  <span class="c1"># 3.x</span>
│ │ │  <span class="n">get_func_args</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">callable_obj</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># =&gt; [&#39;foo&#39;, &#39;bar&#39;]</span>
│ │ │  </pre></div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  <div class="section" id="handling-attributeerror-in-method-and-function-fields">
│ │ │  <h3>Handling <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AttributeError</span></code> in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Method</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Function</span></code> fields<a class="headerlink" href="#handling-attributeerror-in-method-and-function-fields" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │ -<p>The <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Method</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Function</span></code> fields no longer swallow <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AttributeErrors</span></code>. Therefore, your methods and functions are responsible for handling inputs such as <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/constants.html#None" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code></a>.</p>
│ │ │ +<p>The <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Method</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Function</span></code> fields no longer swallow <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AttributeErrors</span></code>. Therefore, your methods and functions are responsible for handling inputs such as <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>.</p>
│ │ │  <div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">marshmallow</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fields</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">missing</span>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <span class="c1"># 2.x</span>
│ │ │  <span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">ShapeSchema</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">):</span>
│ │ │      <span class="n">area</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fields</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;get_area&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
│ │ │  
│ │ │      <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">get_area</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">):</span>
│ │ │ @@ -537,15 +537,15 @@
│ │ │  <span class="n">schema</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="s2">&quot;x&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">})</span>
│ │ │  <span class="c1"># marshmallow.exceptions.ValidationError: {&#39;y&#39;: [&#39;Missing data for required field.&#39;]}</span>
│ │ │  </pre></div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  <div class="section" id="schemaopts-constructor-receives-ordered-argument">
│ │ │  <h3><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SchemaOpts</span></code> constructor receives <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ordered</span></code> argument<a class="headerlink" href="#schemaopts-constructor-receives-ordered-argument" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │ -<p>Subclasses of <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SchemaOpts</span></code> receive an additional argument, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ordered</span></code>, which is <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/constants.html#True" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code></a> if the <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ordered</span></code> option is set to <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/constants.html#True" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code></a> on a Schema or one of its parent classes.</p>
│ │ │ +<p>Subclasses of <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SchemaOpts</span></code> receive an additional argument, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ordered</span></code>, which is <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code> if the <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ordered</span></code> option is set to <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code> on a Schema or one of its parent classes.</p>
│ │ │  <div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">marshmallow</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">SchemaOpts</span>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <span class="c1"># 2.x</span>
│ │ │  <span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">CustomOpts</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SchemaOpts</span><span class="p">):</span>
│ │ │      <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">meta</span><span class="p">):</span>
│ │ │          <span class="nb">super</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">meta</span><span class="p">)</span>
│ │ │          <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">custom_option</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">getattr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">meta</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&quot;meta&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">)</span>
│ │ │ @@ -1033,16 +1033,16 @@
│ │ │  <span class="n">lowername</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fields</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deserialize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;lowername&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
│ │ │  </pre></div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  <div class="section" id="upgrading-to-2-0">
│ │ │  <h2>Upgrading to 2.0<a class="headerlink" href="#upgrading-to-2-0" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
│ │ │  <div class="section" id="deserializing-none">
│ │ │ -<h3>Deserializing <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/constants.html#None" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code></a><a class="headerlink" href="#deserializing-none" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │ -<p>In 2.0, validation/deserialization of <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/constants.html#None" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code></a> is consistent across field types. If <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">allow_none</span></code> is <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/constants.html#False" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">False</span></code></a> (the default), validation fails when the field’s value is <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/constants.html#None" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code></a>. If <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">allow_none</span></code> is <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/constants.html#True" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code></a>, <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/constants.html#None" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code></a> is considered valid, and the field deserializes to <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/constants.html#None" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code></a>.</p>
│ │ │ +<h3>Deserializing <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#deserializing-none" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │ +<p>In 2.0, validation/deserialization of <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> is consistent across field types. If <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">allow_none</span></code> is <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">False</span></code> (the default), validation fails when the field’s value is <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>. If <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">allow_none</span></code> is <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> is considered valid, and the field deserializes to <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>.</p>
│ │ │  <div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">marshmallow</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">fields</span>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <span class="c1"># In 1.0, deserialization of None was inconsistent</span>
│ │ │  <span class="n">fields</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Int</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">deserialize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># 0</span>
│ │ │  <span class="n">fields</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Str</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">deserialize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># &#39;&#39;</span>
│ │ │  <span class="n">fields</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DateTime</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">deserialize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># error: Could not deserialize None to a datetime.</span>
│ │ │  
│ │ │ @@ -1055,15 +1055,15 @@
│ │ │  <span class="c1"># allow_none makes None a valid value</span>
│ │ │  <span class="n">fields</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">allow_none</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">deserialize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># None</span>
│ │ │  </pre></div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  <div class="section" id="default-values">
│ │ │  <h3>Default Values<a class="headerlink" href="#default-values" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │ -<p>Before version 2.0, certain fields (including <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">String</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">List</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Nested</span></code>, and number fields) had implicit default values that would be used if their corresponding input value was <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/constants.html#None" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code></a> or missing.</p>
│ │ │ +<p>Before version 2.0, certain fields (including <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">String</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">List</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Nested</span></code>, and number fields) had implicit default values that would be used if their corresponding input value was <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> or missing.</p>
│ │ │  <p>In 2.0, these implicit defaults are removed.  A <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Field's</span></code> <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">default</span></code> parameter is only used if you explicitly set it. Otherwise, missing inputs will be excluded from the serialized output.</p>
│ │ │  <div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">marshmallow</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fields</span>
│ │ │  
│ │ │  
│ │ │  <span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MySchema</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">):</span>
│ │ │      <span class="n">str_no_default</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fields</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Str</span><span class="p">()</span>
│ │ │      <span class="n">int_no_default</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fields</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Int</span><span class="p">()</span>
│ │ │ @@ -1474,15 +1474,15 @@
│ │ │  <span class="n">fields</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Date</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">deserialize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
│ │ │  <span class="c1"># UnmarshallingError: Could not deserialize &#39;&#39; to a date object.</span>
│ │ │  </pre></div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  <div class="section" id="decimal">
│ │ │  <h3>Decimal<a class="headerlink" href="#decimal" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
│ │ │ -<p>The <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Decimal</span></code> field was added to support serialization/deserialization of <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/decimal.html#decimal.Decimal" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">decimal.Decimal</span></code></a> numbers. You should use this field when dealing with numbers where precision is critical. The <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Fixed</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Price</span></code>, and <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Arbitrary</span></code> fields are deprecated in favor the <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Decimal</span></code> field.</p>
│ │ │ +<p>The <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Decimal</span></code> field was added to support serialization/deserialization of <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">decimal.Decimal</span></code> numbers. You should use this field when dealing with numbers where precision is critical. The <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Fixed</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Price</span></code>, and <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Arbitrary</span></code> fields are deprecated in favor the <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Decimal</span></code> field.</p>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  <div class="section" id="upgrading-to-1-0">
│ │ │  <h2>Upgrading to 1.0<a class="headerlink" href="#upgrading-to-1-0" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
│ │ │  <p>Version 1.0 marks the first major release of marshmallow. Many big changes were made from the pre-1.0 releases in order to provide a cleaner API, support object deserialization, and improve field validation.</p>
│ │ │  <p>Perhaps the largest change is in how objects get serialized. Serialization occurs by invoking the <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Schema.dump()</span></code> method rather than passing the object to the constructor.  Because only configuration options (e.g. the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">many</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">strict</span></code>, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">only</span></code> parameters) are passed to the constructor, you can more easily reuse serializer instances.  The <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dump</span></code> method also forms a nice symmetry with the <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Schema.load()</span></code> method, which is used for deserialization.</p>
│ │ │  <div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">marshmallow</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fields</span>
│ │ │ @@ -1548,15 +1548,15 @@
│ │ │  <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">errors</span><span class="p">)</span>
│ │ │  <span class="c1"># {&#39;password&#39;: [&#39;Value must have an number.&#39;,</span>
│ │ │  <span class="c1">#               &#39;Value must have 8 or more characters.&#39;]}</span>
│ │ │  </pre></div>
│ │ │  </div>
│ │ │  <p>Other notable changes:</p>
│ │ │  <ul class="simple">
│ │ │ -<li><p>Serialized output is no longer an <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OrderedDict</span></code> by default. You must explicitly set the <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ordered</span></code> class Meta option to <a class="reference external" href="https://python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/library/constants.html#True" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code></a> .</p></li>
│ │ │ +<li><p>Serialized output is no longer an <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OrderedDict</span></code> by default. You must explicitly set the <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ordered</span></code> class Meta option to <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code> .</p></li>
│ │ │  <li><p><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Serializer</span></code> has been renamed to <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Schema</span></code>, but you can still import <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">marshmallow.Serializer</span></code> (which is aliased to <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Schema</span></code>).</p></li>
│ │ │  <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime</span></code> objects serialize to ISO8601-formatted strings by default (instead of RFC821 format).</p></li>
│ │ │  <li><p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fields.validated</span></code> decorator was removed, as it is no longer necessary given the new Fields interface.</p></li>
│ │ │  <li><p><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Schema.factory</span></code> class method was removed.</p></li>
│ │ │  </ul>
│ │ │  <div class="admonition seealso">
│ │ │  <p class="admonition-title">See also</p>